兒童腸痙攣就會讓家長們感到十分的儿童緊張和擔憂,生怕會影響到自己寶寶的肠痉成長發育 ,尤其是治疗在發病的時候老是啼哭不止 ,就會讓家長們束手無策,儿童其實在發病的肠痉階段家長們就應該要及時帶自己的寶寶去醫院做詳細的胃腸道檢查 ,等到查明原因後再做下一步的治疗治療 ,大部分都可以通過藥物來緩解。儿童
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可根據腸痙攣的評分結果決定治療。評分參照哭吵的治疗強度和持續時間、哭吵的儿童伴隨症狀、父母對孩子哭吵的肠痉看法。如果哭吵與腸痙攣有關 ,治疗但哭吵不劇用第一、儿童第二級治療方案;如果是肠痉嚴重腸痙攣者,采用第三級治療 。治疗
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一、第一級治療
給孩子以撫慰 ,搖動孩子,減低環境噪音,用熱水袋捂嬰兒腹部;對家長給予支持和關心;可服用中藥或二甲基矽油 。一些中藥具有解痙作用,服用中藥(洋甘菊、馬鞭草、甘草、茴香 、香峰草及薄荷組成的粉末)7天後,腸痙攣改善,但夜醒次數未見減少。二甲基矽油是一種非吸收性藥物,通過改變氣泡表麵張力 ,使氣泡融合或彌散 ,促進氣體排出 ,對人體無副作用。
試圖用它來減少腸道氣體。但有關它的研究結果並不一致。用二甲基矽油與安慰劑做自身交叉對照研究,1/4-2/3患兒症狀有改善 ,但與安慰劑相比,無明顯差異 。其他減少腸道氣體的藥物如活性碳 、α-半乳糖苷酶能吸附氣體或幫助消化高纖維素食物 ,減少發酵產氣,但目前對腸痙攣的療效尚不肯定。
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二 、第二級治療
即藥物治療。可用解痙藥(如西托溴銨)能阻斷平滑肌的毒蕈堿型受體 ,還可直接作用於平滑肌 ,解除平滑肌痙攣。無效者可用鹽酸雙環胺,它作為一種抗膽堿能藥物 ,具有阿托品樣的解痙作用 ,並有一定的中樞安定作用,在治療嬰兒腸痙攣方麵有一定的療效 。但近來有研究發現,6個月以下的嬰兒用此藥可發生呼吸暫停 ,使此藥的應用受到限製 。至今尚無一種完全有效的藥物來治療腸痙攣 。
二、第三級治療 改變飲食和/或藥物治療。母乳喂養的母親不食用牛奶 、奶製品 、魚和蛋;人工喂養兒給予豆奶或水解酪蛋白的奶方,能明顯改善嬰兒腸痙攣。對於CMPI引起的腸痙攣者 ,去除牛奶蛋白,改用豆奶或水解蛋白後 ,71%-88%的患兒症狀有改善。由於藥物治療(如鹽酸雙環胺)有一定的副作用 ,而且有時療效不理想,飲食改變可能比用藥更適宜 。
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